iscn

ion across laboratories and disciplines. Before ISCN, numerous classification systems existed, leading to confusion, especially when describing complex chromosomal abnormalities. The ISCN filled this gap by establishing a comprehensive, flexible, and precis

bers and letters, reflecting the staining patterns observed under a microscope. ISCN 2013 refines these descriptions, aiding in pinpointing exact loci of abnormalities. Inclusion of Molecular Cytogenetic Data: The system integrates res